未有烛而后至

  • Dates:2015-03-27 - 2015-04-23

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未有烛而后至
陈传兴个人精神史第一部

“其未有燭,而後至者,則以在者告。”——「禮記,少儀」

主办:中央美术学院美术馆,行人文化实验室
艺术总监:王璜生
展览总监:蔡萌
摄影者/祈请者:陈传兴
策展人:刘潇/翁桢琪
策展助理:黄碧赫
推广:李玉华

展厅:中央美术学院美术馆二层展厅A
时间:2015年3月27日-4月23日。

“未有烛而后至”,引自《礼记-少仪》。

少年执烛立于暗夜,他尚未成为迎纳宾客的主人,只是延迟的伦理关系见证者。他等待未知的陌生宾客,为迟到的赴宴者引路,他指明位置,但却不能名。

夜宴的主人向迟到的宾客介绍已在座者,少年默然倾听等待宾客入座,重複等待、重复引路,此即“少仪”——少年的成长仪式——礼与伦理关系的学习和实践。此间所谓“伦理”者,绝非观念先行的道德律令,它不以“名相”夺命相,而是具体于宾主之间的往来互应。

此次展出的八十余幅照片,来自陈传兴先生1973至1978年间在台湾的游走与“观望”。这一系列的影像之发生,在于拍摄者少年时代独特的心境,虽然游走之地带离家未远,但观望之定格却处处“方外”。

彼时的台湾——芦洲、台北车站、淡水、艋胛——往昔的地点和人物已暗若幽灵,四十年来,它们和陈传兴先生所引之未名物事者一起隐匿暗处,胶片如同脐带,与现实相系,但却从未显影。而等待的时光,也使当日身处影像之后的少年摄影者/观望者,转作今日的祈请人/等待者。

朝向黑暗的“祈请”中并没有那一位影像作者,正如同带路少年尚未获得言说的权力。然而,从1970年代,到2015年,时空和技术不停迭代,照片作为影像的“肉身”,业已从银盐的宇宙映入数字的阵列。本次展览所呈现的正是这一内在于时空跨域间的多重“观望”,策展人将展场视为一架特殊的“时空装置”,意在取消了通常意义上的“摄影展”的位置。而在展览开启时刻——这个今时今日的技术现场,也隐含着祈请者/等待者对“观望” 和银盐的双重悼亡。

总之,本次展览并非有意言说“台湾的当时当地”,也无意去显示两岸的分断时空差异,更不着眼于某种人类学的田野视角,去关注那个时期游荡和边缘的人群。这里没有猎奇式的捕捉、没有风格的刻意构造、没有迫近的逼视、没有重大历史事件的迹象,常常等同于最平常的“看”——仿佛没有特殊性的“看”与“望”。于是,在“观望”与“观望”之间尚未存在明朗的现实,唯有祈请与等待持续发生。这是一次对“摄影”和“观看”的重新厘清。

不让、不辞、不歌中,昔日少年或已成主人,《礼记·少仪》的书写/解释是如何浸入到照片/影像——观望者的生命过程和思考抉选中?展览“未有烛而后至”静候来宾,共同等待事件、等待现象、等待“光”。

陈传兴先生简介
陈传兴先生,法国高等社会科学学院语言学博士,行人文化实验室创办人,台湾清华大学副教授,2012年获颁法国艺术与文学勋位(军官勋章)。拍摄纪录片包括有《移民》、《阿坤》、《郑在东》、《姚一苇口述史》,除了担任文学电影纪录片《在岛屿写作》第一系列总监製,并亲自执导《如雾起时─郑愁予》、《化城再来人─周梦蝶》。发表影像方面论文,其特出观点及论述,每每引起学者热烈回响。作品曾于2009年广州美术馆「第三届广州国际摄影双年展」举办摄影群展、1975年于台北举办摄影个展《芦洲浮生图》。

重要著作包括有《忧郁文件》、《银盐热》、《木与夜孰长》、《道德不能罢免》,以及主持翻译《精神分析辞汇》,与阮义忠之《摄影美学七问》其中「五问」回答,《迈向21世纪的台湾民族与国家论文集》之〈见证与档案:试论美丽岛事件之影象记录〉,《杨肇嘉留真集》之〈台湾热〉,《方法:文学的路》之〈关于百科全书与辞典之几点联想〉等。

陈传兴师承法国电影理论大师克里斯蒂安•梅玄(Christian Metz),长期耕耘哲学、精神分析与影像论述等领域,同时是作家、摄影家、艺术评论学者与电影创作者,也是一位勇于面对公民运动做出反应的思想家。以哲学基础来诠释台湾的现代面向,在他身上隐然看得到法国重要哲学家的影响与特有的风范。

法国学成归国后,陈传兴先生于1998年创立行人出版社,著力引介法国当代文化思想,布列东《娜嘉》、福柯《外边思维》、布朗肖《黑暗托玛》、萧沆《解体概要》、亚祖•贝彤《HOME》、与LV合作的《传奇旅行箱100》、题材前卫的《革命将至》、列维•斯特劳斯的《月的另一面》,以及今年甫出版的法国史重量著作《记忆所系之处》等。

十多年来透过行人的出版,使得华语学界与年轻学子得以亲炙法国思想界诸多经典作品。

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以“延迟”的方式与死亡对决——观陈传兴摄影有感
顾铮

时过40多年,陈传兴先生向我们出示了他年轻时拍摄的台湾人文景观照片。这是一份馥郁的影像陈酿。从现实反射过来的光线,先是被现代光学系统细细镌刻在底片上,成为起伏错落的影纹。在时间的流逝中,这些潜入底片的时光终于在影纹中以它们自己的方式慢慢地洇渗开来,盘踞下来,成为了将来再次成象的首要条件。就这样,时光成为了光影的一部分。而所谓时光,指的是时间成为了光影。而陈传兴,没有辜负这些隐身于影纹中的时光的默默期待,在经过40多年后,起它们于明室中,一一展示过往的光影与光景。

摄影家是一个性急的人种。他们往往急于知晓自己在过往一刻看到的、拍摄到的东西长相如何。而这也是数码摄影可以如此成功地被摄影家所欣然接受的理由。但是,为什么陈传兴舍得以如此悠长的时间让自己的底片雪藏于一片黑暗之中?从根本上说,这是对待时间的态度。我相信,他与时间有一种默契。他蓄意要让时间来考验并且最终成就这些照片。他并不急于拿出这些照片,是因为他相信他的照片还需要时间这另一只“看不见的手”的呵护。他确实是在酿酒,而时间本身,成为了酿酒所需的酒曲。这是既需要时间,但最后又超越了时间的照片。这是能够战胜时间的照片,而不是可能会被时间打败的照片

在这些照片中,我们发现,有不少是在他赴摄影术的祖国法国接受严格的摄影训练之前摄影的。其中的一些照片已经显示陈传兴是一个少年老成的摄影家。我们知道,一个摄影家的老成,有的时候并非依靠训练就能成就。再好的训练只是让被训练者知道一系列的规范与标准,偶尔也会从指导教师那里的获得一些技法的披露,当然自己也会突然有所会得。但所有这些收获,摄影家最后如何将它们融会贯通后再加出手,并且出手得如何,就真的只待每人的天赋与才情的生发了。而陈传兴的这些照片却向我们明白地显示,他的出手就是如此的不凡。这个不凡,表现在他拍摄时竟然如此的沉稳,其中虽有稍稍的情绪荡漾,但也被他迅即把控,不让其过于溢出。

陈传兴极其敏感于现实中的视觉要素。他能够在纷繁的现实表象中迅速地捕捉到各种视觉元素,然后将它们从容地搭建成一个结构复杂但又看似信手拈来的画面。组织严谨的画面与挥洒自如的拍摄,这两者之间是如何形成了一种浑然天成却又精致细腻的视觉,于他似乎从来就是举重若轻的事。这或许就是他的摄影之所以能够如此吸引人的原因之一吧。

于是,芦洲,荒场——林家花园,悼亡,子弟戏,戏班,淡水,花莲轮,台北车站……

陈传兴的这些系列照片的标题,多以拍摄地点为标题。以这样方式,我们可能也可以自动地认为这些标题同时也许也是摄影题材的名称。但所有这些照片,其根本上的取向不同于传统的报导摄影,当然这肯定也不是青年陈传兴的志向。

因此,像“兰屿”这样的题材,即使已经有了多人的表现优异的拍摄,如张才、王信等人的《兰屿》系列,但陈传兴的《兰屿》仍然可以是那么的不同凡响。在陈传兴的《兰屿》里,包括这个离岛的各种信息的呈现在根本上说不是他的拍摄目标。这些并不连续的照片,呈现的是他的祼眼所看到的某些符合他的美学标准的景象,而且也没有按照报导摄影通常所要求的结构进行某种叙事排列。报导不是他的主要目的。他无意于报导,他感兴趣的是如加里·维诺格兰德所说的现实如何成为照片本身一事。他的这些照片,绝大多数画面是去事件化的,是非情节的,因此也就没有可能被所谓的恰当的瞬间以及故事所绑架。世界的诗意等待他的发现,而不是世界的故事等待他由破碎的片断来重构重说。他也没有以漂亮的瞬时来取悦自己与观众的心理。他要的就是一种发自心灵的直指现实,以及出示由他所截取的纷扰的丰饶而来的有关世界的富足的视觉展现。

你真的需要睁大了眼睛细看这些照片。摄影人讲究暗部,但绝大多数人的暗部没有人文深度。这话听上去非常高调,而且也似乎无法理论化,但我的感觉就是如此。没有人文深度的暗部,不是人性深渊,而是人性浅滩。没有了人文深度,照片上的那些颗粒相互之间就没有联系,各自为政,散漫无序。而真正吸引人的暗部,则是一种具有精神性的暗黑,那里有着无数的光影,在时时刻刻地阴晴明灭着。那是人性的无底深渊,黑色并非只是由银盐颗粒的堆积而成。有人满足于颗粒的堆积与夸示,但陈传兴要的是作为精神果实的颗粒的饱满呈现。这种饱满中有着颗粒的自我挣扎、相互缠绕与渗透,也因此,暗黑成为了一种向作为暴力的光明的抗议与力量本身。

这暗黑,是幽微之中的晞光的底色,因而令人倍感珍贵。在这些黑白明暗当中,恬淡与激情同存,在在掀起一场又一场的视觉风暴。而有的照片所呈现的情景,本质上就是白日梦与夜想之间的融汇。在《悼亡》系列中,举办丧事的人们,如幽灵般飘荡于暗黑之中,这是冥界还是人间,似乎无从分别,他以中途曝光的技法来演绎送葬这一仪式性的活动。中途曝光,是一种以人为方式强行令影像显影停顿并逆转的技法。以这样的手法,陈传兴让这些经历了明暗较量的照片俨然梦游中所见。照片的拍摄,已然将送葬这一活动强行停驻于胶片之上。这之后,他又在胶片显影过程中,再次令显影的进程中断并且反向逆行。这让我想起法国思想家雅克·德里达在《停下吧,雅典》(Demeure,Athènes)一书中所说:“审判已经得到确认,难以抵抗的权威的玺印已经按下。死亡一定到访,死亡的催促已经来临,倒计时已经开始。剩下的只是延迟、拍摄照片的时间,谁也不能想象能从死亡逃脱,没有任何的拯救来临。”(ジャック·デリダ,矢橋透訳,《留まれ、アテネ》,みすず書房、2009、P46)尽管如此,陈传兴还是要通过中途曝光这个方式,来“延迟”死亡的到来。他以对于影像的这种暴力干涉,将对于死亡的见证,以“延迟”的方式在胶片上又一次展开与死亡的主观对决。

这些照片中,拍摄者远远观望的居多。虽是远观,但陈传兴却又事无巨细地把握住各种事物的在位。这或许在某种程度上反映了他的某种心理,但也明白地告诉我们,这是他与世界、也是与他自己的关系。他置身事外地远观,却也从整体关系去抓住他所看到的现实景象,其中所有深藏在整体中的一切事物,既需要他给出相互联系的视觉指导(都确实给出了),也需要我们自己再去细细发掘。但是,有的时候,习惯远观的他,却又可以那么毫不犹豫地卷入到对象中去。有些照片,拍摄者与对象的距离之近,可以近到令我们有点害羞自己已在偷窥的地步。如此的收放自如,既体现了他对于所要呈现事物的准确把握,也体现了他在处理个人与世界的关系时的成熟。

而且,他的这种远观并非等同于一种对于现实的简单的确信与确认。那样的远观一定会带来一种报导式的一览无余,所谓对于全景的把握。有太多的摄影家满足于一种表面的“全面”把握。但是,这样的一览无余不是陈传兴所要的。我们可以感觉到他在接纳现实时的某种犹

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CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer

Article I

This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.

Article II

Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.

Article III

Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.

Article IV

Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.

Article V

During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.

Article VI

Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.

CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement

According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):

I. General Provisions

(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.

(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.

(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.

II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use

(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.

(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.

(3) Geographical Scope of Use

The applicable geographic scope is global.

The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).

III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use

Use in perpetuity.

IV. Licensing Fees

The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.

After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.

Additional Terms

(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.

(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.

(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.

Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.

I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.

Group Visit Agreement
and Statement

CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement

I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.

CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer

Article I

This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.

Article II

Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.

Article III

Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.

Article IV

Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.

Article V

During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.

Article VI

Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.

CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement

According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):

I. General Provisions

(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.

(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.

(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.

II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use

(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.

(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.

(3) Geographical Scope of Use

The applicable geographic scope is global.

The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).

III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use

Use in perpetuity.

IV. Licensing Fees

The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.

After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.

Additional Terms

(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.

(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.

(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.

Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.

I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.

Event Booking Form

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Gender
Phone:
Valid Certificate: Identity Card
ID Number:
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Reminder:

Hello! Thank you for participating in our public education event and we are looking forward to seeing you! If you cannot attend the event on time, please send a text message to 13261936837 (Liang) to cancel the booking. Please be aware that your eligibility for using the quick booking may be affected If you cancel the booking more than three times. Thank you for your understanding!