研讨会纪实 | 抽象艺术是否具有普遍性?

时间:2018.10.12

地点:中央美术学院电教报告厅

主持人:中央美术学院美术馆副馆长王春辰,

嘉宾:

艺术家苏珊·斯沃茨

‘苏珊·斯沃茨:个人历程’展览策展人沃尔特·斯迈林

中央美术学院造型学院院长马璐

中央美术学院造型学院油画系第五工作室主任、国际学院院长刘刚

中央美术学院油画系教授孟禄丁


王春辰:今天很高兴能够和美国艺术家苏珊以及德国策展人沃尔特,以及来自中央美术学院油画系的马璐老师、刘刚老师、孟禄丁老师,以及在座的同学们进行一场关于抽象艺术的对话和讨论。

    昨天下午苏珊的展览在央美美术馆开幕,来自中国、美国、德国的嘉宾非常多,今天下午中央美术学院油画系还有两个重要的展览即将开幕,一个是油画系第三工作室的学术研究展,另一个就是油画系全体教师的作品展,在一个时空里,通过这样一个中外绘画的比较,特别是关于抽象绘画的比较,我想我们会有很多话题可以讨论。马路老师在德国学习,他现在的绘画也是偏抽象。孟禄丁老师毕业于中央美院,早期作品以具象写实为主,80年代后期转向了表现和抽象,还通过他发明的一个特别的机器创作,形成了独有的机器美学。刘刚老师是中央美院油画系老师,从事抽象绘画创作几十年,从80年代后期一直持续到今天,是一个不被大多数人所知的非常优秀的艺术家。

这个月中央美院美术馆的展览都和绘画有关,我们集中来讨论绘画也对于当代艺术的教育和创作具有意义。我们先请苏珊自己讲讲她个人的历程,她认为自己的艺术是美国抽象吗?当然历史上有美国抽象表现主义,但是是叫抽象表现主义不是叫美国抽象表现主义,另一个问题是如果抽象艺术没有普遍性,那么它的特殊性在哪里?首先欢迎苏珊通过自己的人生历程讲讲她对抽象的理解。

 

苏珊·斯沃茨:对于我来说,抽象艺术起源于现实主义,是一个非常缓慢但是长期的过程,我很难决定我是否要做抽象艺术,以及我是否是一个抽象艺术家,这实际上是在很长一段时间之后才有的变化,但对我来说这是非常自然的变化进程。我是属于老派艺术家,对于我们老派艺术家,首先要学画画,很多艺术家他们首先有基本的培训和教育,基于这个基础取得一些进步和成绩。对于我来说,由于环境问题我生病了,这场病使我跳出了舒适区,我要学习如何挣扎的活下来,我曾经是以创作现实主义题材为主,用的是小的画刷子画一些风景,让他们看起来像真实的照片,因为生病,也让我从灵魂深处渴望进行绘画和创作,这是我为什么发生了这么大的变化的起因。

 

沃尔特·斯迈林:艺术实际上是一个国际语言,是不分国界的。我非常高兴看到在不同国家间抽象艺术是有区别的,特别是二战之后,我们看到德国的抽象艺术家开始逐渐成长,上世纪40年代初期有很多抽象艺术家在美国应运而生,而在法国、西班牙、意大利、奥地利,这些国家的抽象艺术家一直到60年代都非常活跃。大家都知道美国、法国、德国有很多著名艺术家,他们实际上交流得比较少,但是他们有同样的输入,感情是相连的。他们当时试着用新的艺术语言,用抽象艺术表达他们的想法。苏珊之前是一个现实主义的或者叫写实主义的画家,她后来开始使用抽象艺术的表现形式。我们看一下中国的艺术家,有很多的艺术家,他们在起初的时候画了中国的风景,然后中国的艺术家也开始用新的维度,例如抽象的维度进行描述,所以对我来说,我非常感兴趣想看看中国或者其他国家的抽象艺术怎样表现。同时我们发现一些著名的抽象艺术家的作品到现在都有复兴的趋势。

 

马璐:我看到苏珊这个展览广告时,觉得和我的画有点像,后来我抱着很大的疑惑看了一下苏珊的展览,确实又不太像,很有她自己的特点,反过来说我也很有我自己的特点。抽象是一种概念,大伙把和现实有距离的形象都看作是抽象,因为我们很难去辨认他画的是什么东西,这是普遍性的。但是抽象艺术家们又非常拒绝和别人相同,对于每一个创作者来说,需要克服很多障碍,在普遍性里面寻找自己的具体性,每一个具体性意味着每个人的创造,每个人的发现,每个人的感悟,里面可能会有他的很多经历,他的学习,他的各种知识,加以积累反映到画面上。所以我想说的是什么呢?首先抽象是一种国际化的语言,不光是抽象绘画,也包括其他绘画,我们不用看解释,每一个国家的人看同样的画面都能分辨出好和坏,都能够有感受。视觉这个东西是跨民族的,每个人都会在生活当中去观看,视觉本身就是一个带有普遍性的人类感知世界的方式。从另外一个角度,我们必须有自己的发现,有自己的感悟,有带有自己特点的表达,这样我们才能做到相互欣赏。否则如果世界上所有的画面都是同样的,就变成了一种生产,就没有创造,更没有艺术。当然我们也不应该说自己有创造性就必须要排斥别人,如果我们能够站在一个更高的角度,就能够做到相融合同时又不同。

 

孟禄丁:我刚才来之前上去看了一下展览,也看了苏珊的历程,她的很多作品都是在玛莎葡萄园岛上画的,十几年前我几乎每个夏天都会去那个岛,对那边的环境很熟悉,我在那个岛上碰到过一个海洋科学家,他说这个世界上有两个地方是光照最充分和强的,一个是法国的尼斯,就是梵高画画的地方,另外就是这个岛。所以每年夏天会有很多欧洲游客到那里去玩,那里光线特别明亮,而且他们那边海洋的地理环境特别复杂。50年代开始那边就有很多美国艺术家居住在那个岛上,很多是风景画家,所以那是一个艺术家工作的天堂。我从她的作品里能感觉到岛上的光线,空气特别透明,有很多湖泊,各种树,风景变化特别丰富,颜色变化特别丰富。

    我觉得抽象艺术最重要的是真实,对环境景观的感受,进入一种内心的真实,不是仅表达外在景观。在全世界范围内抽象已经变成了一个很普遍的表达方式,和具象一样是艺术的一种语言表达方式,所以它的真实性很重要。我甚至觉得在某些方面比具象语言更真实,因为是一种内心的真实,相信自己的眼睛,相信自己的感觉。

    另外一个关于中国性的问题,我们一做艺术往往就容易把自己束缚在某种概念下,抽象艺术谈中国性的话,我觉得就违背了抽象艺术原初的理念。抽象艺术的前提是自由的、个体的,它的目的就是要寻找个人语言。你如果附加一个条件的话,它就进入一种不真实的状态,可能就找不到表达自己内心真实的途径。

 

王春辰:谢谢孟老师,孟老师因为去过那里所以感受不一样,也能够看到普遍性的状态和感受,特别是他坚决反对附加的理论束缚,这个是值得讨论的。恰恰是因为很多人要在抽象艺术之前加一个特定的限定,导致了今天对抽象的概念说不清楚,甚至导致了我们不知道怎么办,到底做不做抽象,一做抽象就被认为是对美国抽象的模仿抄袭,这个话题需要我们不断地探讨。

 

刘刚:因为我是搞教学工作的,我很抱歉,这个展览我没有看,临时来的,刚才我简单看了一下画册。我觉得抽象艺术是有关个人的艺术,每个人在搞绘画的过程当中都是从对具象物体的表现转入抽象工作的内容,特别是中央美院第五工作室是以抽象艺术为探讨重点的工作室,特别注重强调个人化的表达,鼓励每个人追求不同的东西,不按照一种模式、一种方式去表达。亚洲范围内我去的很多,到日本、印尼有很多画抽象,他们用的材料,表现的手法有很多不同,把它们归结为区域性就不太好说。所以对于抽象艺术有没有普遍性这个问题,我认为在有绘画基础的群体之中,可能普遍性更强。抽象是个人化的,我教书差不多30年了,每一届学生都会遇到同样的问题,怎么和别人画得不一样,抽象从它的发展整个历程来看,直到现在,每个人的表述都有自己内心的东西,可能艺术家表述出来的语言在别人看来没有形态,但是在他自己内心都有。

 

苏珊·斯沃茨:我觉得我们实际上走在同一条路上,我们有很多共识,比如说我们来自什么地方,是一个个人化的历程,另外一个共识是我们认为基本功非常重要。我们每个人都要找到自己个人的道路和艺术语言。对我而言,我觉得这是一个自然转化的过程,不能强迫强制,是一个经过长时间的努力之后才会发生的事情。

 

沃尔特·斯迈林:我听到这三位艺术家的谈话,我想问你们是如何开始创作的?会不会有一个精密的计划?还是会留下更多的空白去做后期的改变?开始画的时候会有特别具体的计划,还是有一个情感就开始了?

 

苏珊·斯沃茨:我以前可能会有计划,我会仔细去想我要画什么,我开始会画一些素描,现在我觉得我看一个空白的画布,有一个想法就会开始了。我就会去看会发生什么,当我从一组画到另外一组画的时候,这个转变是自然发生的,我可以不断去发展它构建它,也会有很多美好的意外,包括在某一天可能颜料会干得更快。有段时间我对于油画颜料强烈过敏,所以画了很长时间的水彩画。我的风格会逐渐改变,逐渐开始使用丙烯,我用自己受到的油画教育的训练,包括自己水彩画的背景,再将它们移植到丙烯中,因为我想要画更大尺幅的画。

 

马路:我基本没有计划,我在画画的时候从来不画草稿。特别是最近这10年,我的绘画从操作上就完全不可控,我不知道它最后会呈现什么样的状态。对于我来说,我不知道的状态反而会更好,会给我很多启发,能够让我看到一些我看不到的东西。后来我把它归结到是我死后我想去的地方,我是这么去想象的。所有未知的东西,对于我来说都特别重要,所有我能够构想的,都是我过去所知道的,我要去探索我不知道的东西。

 

王春辰:苏珊也包括马路老师讲的,其实自己创作过程背后在主导的是什么,这也就是历史上为什么有热抽象和冷抽象的说法,是理性、控制多一点,还是情感、情绪多一点,这是创作方法。

 

刘刚:职业艺术家和从事教学工作的艺术家,在创作中不太一样,艺术家更多是和作品的观看者交流多,作为一个老师是和学生交流更多。讲到计划问题,我觉得我画画有计划性。为什么为这样?因为作为教授讲课过程当中,我应该怎么教,应该怎么体现课程的要点都要有所准备,比如我以前搞材料,借用很多自然的材料进行表现,现在纯粹作为一种课程去教的时候,我对各种媒介都要进行尝试。可能每个人都有一段时间相对是有计划的,但是到底把它画成什么样,这个很难规划。

 

孟禄丁:我画画没有计划,我是希望有一种偶发性,我期待一种偶发,我一直在强调结果不重要,重要的是过程,过程才是真实的。我讲期待偶发,是因为通过偶发我找到了一种新的表现方式或者可能,接下去希望能找到一种工作方法,让它持续下去。但是这种工作方法在持续过程中,我又希望它有一种自然的鲜活的状态,这样造成了一个阶段的一些作品会有不同的变化,有一种新奇感。我也希望作品中有可控性,但这种可控性不能抑制你的感性。我更希望在这个运行过程当中不断完善一些想法和观念,当我走到觉得没有什么意思的时候,有新的偶发出来便改变我的方向。

 

沃尔特·斯迈林:艺术家给我们的是一面镜子,照射出艺术家对于社会的反映,可能不是一个现实的信号或者是现实的表现方式,我这里不想把抽象变成现实主义,但是问题就是我们如何来认识你的内心深处到底发生了什么?苏珊刚刚解释了她的经历以及她突发的病,这场病可能改变了她对艺术的一些理解或者表达方式,这些艺术家个人的故事对于他们的作品来说非常重要,对于更好地了解他们的艺术方式也非常重要。

    第二我也想听听你们的想法,抽象艺术在过去50年内发生了很大的变化,在60、70年代,当时在博物馆展览馆都非常感兴趣,之后兴趣没有那么浓厚了,但是在过去的5年内,我们又重新看到了大家对抽象艺术感兴趣了,中国是不是这样?你们有没有类似的感觉?你们在博物馆里有没有很多抽象艺术的展示?在北京、上海、重庆我没有看到很多的抽象展,我看到的更多是现实主义或者是雕像展等。

 

孟禄丁:我觉得中国现在的抽象艺术展挺多的,可能因为你来的时间比较短。中国的抽象展览和西方最近抽象展览多,原因不太一样,中国的抽象展览是跟中国自身的艺术发展有关系,因为前段时间表达社会现实政治题材的太多太过了,市场炒作太过了,而抽象比较冷落冷清,抽象从画面上看起来比较干净,也有市场的原因,造成抽象的展览越来越多。另外西方最近10年抽象展览越来越受到重视,包括市场,可能也是一个对中国的影响和促动。

    我觉得抽象肯定是表达现实的,而且更加真实。从塞尚开始,通过绘画理解形体到立体主义,都是因为工业革命后人们对科学进步和工业文化的推进,人们对现实的体验和思考,改变了一种观看方式之后,要用抽象这样一种形式表达出来,抽象已经走了100年,我觉得它是现代主义艺术运动的重要成果。

我觉得苏珊的画更具有中国性,因为画面里有意象的感觉。中国人谈的中国性离不开传统的自然观,但是现代主义抽象比这个走得更深。

 

马璐:刚才说到中国性,如果有一个中国性的概念,我大概觉得我的东西可能比较有中国性。因为我的抽象画是从我的书法过来的,大家伙都知道,中国书画是相通的,书法给了我很多启发,书法讲究在过程当中不断变化,讲究完全独立的造型,虽然说书法离不开字,但是和自然形象有很多的区别。书法跟自然形态相比,带有一定的抽象性,包括最早的象形文字,虽然是象形,但是绝对不是对象的形,而是一种符号。所以书法给了我们很多的自由度,让我们可以从里面抽离开现实,体会到更多精神上的境界。我的画从中国画里也吸收了很多东西,我有一个观点,为什么西方产生了油画,中国产生了国画。因为西方用油画在亚麻布上是为了可控,中国人在宣纸上画画是为了不可控,中国画用毛笔,毛笔是很难驾驭的中国艺术是在这种驾驭难度很高的基础上去体会心灵的感悟,体会到那种艰辛和自然的相融,这和西方的传统写实绘画有很大的区别,所以我经常和他们说,其实我的画不能叫抽象,因为我的画背后有很多中国的东西,那个东西是人和自然相融的。

 

刘刚:我差不多有30年一直在画抽象绘画,可能前10几年当中还会受到一些阻碍。为什么这么讲?过去人们不知道你在画什么,总是问你内容,现在不再问这些东西了,就看你的颜色和线条,说明人们对抽象的态度变得更宽容了,逐渐能看懂抽象更深层的意义了。像现在每个人手里拿着手机,可以拍照片,通过各种软件转化成各种图像,可能性更多的时候,个人的发展就更重要了,抽象可能进入很容易,如何持续发展对自己就是一个很大的挑战过程。

 

王春辰:沃尔特刚才讲最近这些年国际上,抽象作品重新受到关注,我这些年也在国际上参观一些展览,看一些博览会,看到了好多抽象艺术的作品,也许这几年在国际上确实抽象绘画有一点多起来了,我想听听你的判断和看法。

 

沃尔特·斯迈林:我觉得最主要的问题是我们如何界定艺术的发展,在中国过去五六千年里面有不同的艺术发展,比如是在250年前有油画,之前中国是用水墨、用画笔进行创作,绘画只是艺术的一个领域,现在我们有绘画、雕塑、书法、装置、录像艺术、行为艺术。所有这些都是大的门类。对于我而言很有趣的一点就是,不同的艺术类别如何能够反映自己的现实,如何和我们今天作为一个艺术家的身份相关联?比如说康定斯基说过艺术是一种我们所有人对于内在的反映,凡是内在需要的,发源于心灵的就是美的,每个人的个人艺术语言和别人不一样,对于我而言很重要的一点就是去看到、去理解背后的心智层面。比如当我们看到苏珊所画的抽象景观,是五颜六色的充满动感的画作,充满深度。对于我而言,很重要的一点就是去观看,然后去谈抽象艺术是不是具有普遍性,我觉得艺术家们都是一些很有趣的人,所以我觉得这是一个很好的对话的机会,不同的艺术语言能够在不同的社会之中,不同国家之中被展示出来,这也是艺术很重要的功能,我将它作为一种仪式的构建,只有社会中的人才能产生这种对话,我们需要这种对话,我不知道诸位怎么看?

 

孟禄丁:美院油画系的展览就可以看出来,现在画抽象的不一定是五工,这就体现了抽象的普遍性,这种普遍性在于抽象发现了一种真实,这种真实是表达一种精神的真实,而不只是自然外观的真实。自然外观的真实是具象语言所要呈现的,抽象是要表达一种思考,用视觉呈现一种思维,呈现一种不可言传的东西,是人的真实。所以抽象这种语言我觉得会越来越普遍,因为是另外一种真实。

 

马璐:抽象的发展有很深厚的社会背景,过去有现实主义,后来有政治波普,都是对于现实的各种不同的角度和认识,抽象也可以说是对现实的认识,和刚才苏珊、沃尔特说的一样,抽象是对现实的认识,包括孟禄丁所说的真实,但是不是很直接的反映,也不是过去我们对现实主义的那种颂扬,或用一种批判的态度去抗争。抽象是另外一种,是对所有的正面或者反面,歌颂或者批判的一种抛弃。为什么会从表现主义转向抽象主义,是因为我们想说的话太多,我们被政治被现实纠缠的太多,所以我们往往看不清现实,所以要抽身出来,从现实各种纠纷当中退出来。我们把现实当中的各种矛盾和纠纷看作是今天这个社会必然的产物,抽象艺术不是要参与其中去表态去站队,而是哪边都不站,更加宏观地去看它,去评判它。

 

沃尔特·斯迈林:另外一点就是关于和市场的关系,西方的艺术市场我很了解,但是我对于中国的艺术市场不太了解,诸位能不能给我们讲一讲中国的艺术创作和艺术市场的关联?我想说的是艺术市场和抽象艺术的关系。

 

刘刚:近几年特别是在亚洲的几场拍卖会,拍得比较高的,还是比较成熟的艺术家,年轻的艺术家在市场上,现在不要说二级市场,我觉得在画廊都难以存活,抽象艺术在中国只是近10-15年才开始浮到水面上,成为主流展览的对象,这是现实。如果到市场的话,我相信抽象不会成为市场的主流,至少在中国我认为未来10-15年不会。

 

王春辰:但是现在好像很多,当然这个“多”是个相对概念,比方在北京798做抽象的画廊还是有几家。

 

孟禄丁:现在是多而散,抽象艺术市场的主场在西方,佳士得一直在推亚洲抽象的物派和单色绘画,下一个应该就是中国,但中国还没体系梳理和理论建构,展览虽多,但最缺的还是理论支撑,没有整体的文化和理论阐释体系。

 

王春辰:沃尔特你觉得抽象需要理论支撑吗?

 

沃尔特·斯迈林:我想这个问题很多人都问,在我看来,艺术家和观众之间的对话是非常重要的,我们在过去20年内支持了很多中国艺术家,在奥地利、德国、新加坡展示了很多艺术品,但重点不在抽象艺术方面。今天我们的主题是抽象艺术,对于我来说市场、价格都不是重要的问题,我关心的是中国社会对于现代的抽象艺术有怎样的反映?我们现在看到越来越多的画廊开始展示抽象艺术,在中国也是这样。我记得2000年之前2、3年,我去了很多艺术家工作室,他们都是创作中国的流行画和政治现实的艺术作品,当时我去了700个艺术家的工作室,基本没有看到什么抽象艺术。但是现在不一样了,所以对于我来说支持不同的项目特别重要,因为我想把美国的艺术带给中国的朋友,也许我们会有一些新的想法,碰撞出新的项目或者新的对话,对于我来说这是非常重要的工作,对话对于整个艺术界也是非常重要的。

 

孟禄丁:前些年做的展览更多政治波普的东西,当时的艺术品背后有一些特定社会政治背景的支撑,因为当时特定的社会时段和政治环境。抽象因为没有那么明显的政治表达,所以抽象被边缘化了,那个时候也有很多的抽象艺术家,只是很多重要的展览,比如威尼斯双年展,更多的意识形态图像作品成为流行,你这就是为什么我说中国的抽象必须有一个理论支撑,因为抽象不可能是用社会政治的背景支撑,那用什么支撑?刚才说的中国性也是中国艺术家希望找到的支撑,但是这个支撑是不成立的。

 

刘刚:像刚才沃尔特先生讲的,他看了700个艺术家的画室很少看到抽象艺术,可能因为你接触的通道的问题。中国抽象一直有很多人在画,但是没有普遍性的原因是因为中国特定的环境,在前30年不具有普遍性,但从21世纪一定会在中国成为一个相对普遍性的艺术语言,因为每个人都要完善自己的过程,中国为什么要有理论?因为脉络太多了,说法不一。为什么抽象要加中国两个字,因为不能形成一个群体的话还会被淡化,特别在中央美院能够建立一个抽象艺术工作室就代表一个普遍性。我们每年毕业很多学生,他们能够考上美院本身基础就很好,所以我们对绘画会有一个重新认识的过程。

 

王春辰:中央美院油画系成立第五工作室,我当时听到很惊讶,但是很快能够理解,这是中国的艺术体系和艺术生态的需要,今天人的内在需要,需要更多的内在表达,消除叙事化,强调内在的真实,这是中国的社会现实倒逼艺术家群体或者个体做出回应。如果讲为什么抽象在中国逐渐成长而变得广泛,我想是有一个更大的社会背景在驱动艺术家。大家厌倦了外表的破普化、图像化,想回到内心的真实,这也是中国历史长期以来的文化积淀。中国关于抽象的展览越来越多,甚至我们也曾经有想法要把抽象绘画做一个梳理,但是实际上央美美术馆已经做了很多国际性的抽象艺术展,这也是从美术馆的角度认可抽象绘画在中国的必要性。

 

沃尔特·斯迈林:我可能非常固执,我还是想问大家一个问题,我希望能够得到一个答案,美和现实对你们意味着什么?

 

苏珊·斯沃茨:我非常的幸运,我也非常的荣幸,当我进行创作的时候,我非常关注自然的美,对于很多艺术家来说画什么,是非常挣扎、非常纠结的一件事情。对于我来说,我之前病了,但非常幸运我又恢复了,所以我现在过的每一天都认为是美丽的。很多人可能看到我因为环境的问题生病了,他们想知道为什么我不画被污染的天空,但是我更愿意选择美好的一面,新的每一天对我来说都是恩赐,所以每天我都有新的灵感,我周围的自然环境的美给我带来了灵感,所以对于我来说,画什么是一个非常容易决定的事。

 

孟禄丁:我觉得这个问题很难回答,因为美学家都很难回答这个问题,每个人对美的理解和阐释不一样。我认为的美是精神性的,不是世俗所看到的,所以我认为的美是超越视觉的。是不可以表述的,我们试图接近美,用视觉的绘画的文字的哲学的,但美存在在那儿,我们表述不了。

 

马璐:刚才孟老师说美是不能表述的,我想起了上帝,你怎么能够表述上帝呢?不可能,你只能试图接近上帝,试图懂得上帝,这是带有宗教性的一个答案。刚才我说了我在画画的时候没有设计没有草图没有稿子,我就放手去画了,我画到什么时候是个头呢?什么时候我认为我的作品是完成的?有标准吗?有,但是很难说出来,我必须做到能够看到它,当我能够看到它的时候我会给它一个认定,我可以停手了。实际上内心里应该是有一个标准的,但是我真的很难说出来,因为我所定的标准是不断去发现,是一个不断接近的过程,我们的生命也是一个不断向前走的过程,我们总能在前面发现一些新的东西,那个新东西告诉我们能对这个世界有一些新的理解,但是你能说它到头了吗?从人类的认识来说,它永远没有穷尽,永远会有新的认识,这既是我们做人的悲哀,又是我们幸福的一刻,因为我们总能够进步。

 

王春辰:我觉得交流虽然简短但是很真实,每个人说的都是自己想说的话,以前我们没有这样的交流。看看在座的同学们有没有要问的,有没有自己想说的?

 

同学:我想回应一下沃尔特刚才谈到的问题,他关心的是中国人如何面对抽象艺术的问题,我们中国艺术家在创作过程中是在创造美还是在干什么,包括他前面问到中国抽象艺术的市场问题和态度问题,我觉得他可能更想知道中国人是如何看待抽象艺术的。我个人理解他更关注我们这个国家对抽象艺术的自由度的一种理解。

 

沃尔特·斯迈林:我觉得中国的市场非常自由,在我们组织这个活动的时候,我们和很多的中国政府官员一起,他们非常肯定我们在中国展示的作品,我觉得每个人都不应该去害怕在中国展示抽象艺术。而且我觉得中国社会一直在不断的进步,越来越多的人对艺术感兴趣,越来越多的人去收藏艺术品。

 

刘刚:现在没有问题。

 

王春辰:抽象艺术在80年代初的时候是大问题,吴冠中当时说我们要讲艺术的抽象美形式美,但遭到了批判,这是40年前,今天不会了。抽象绘画和艺术这些年在中国已经变得越来越重要,是普遍受到欢迎的。我们今天这个题目通过大家的讨论可以得出一个小小的结论,抽象艺术具有普遍性,是和个体有关的普遍性,和自己内心有关的普遍性,但是需要做出独特的抽象艺术,这是我们今天对话的一个小小总结。


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Group Visit Agreement
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CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement

I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.

CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer

Article I

This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.

Article II

Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.

Article III

Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.

Article IV

Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.

Article V

During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.

Article VI

Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.

CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement

According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):

I. General Provisions

(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.

(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.

(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.

II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use

(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.

(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.

(3) Geographical Scope of Use

The applicable geographic scope is global.

The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).

III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use

Use in perpetuity.

IV. Licensing Fees

The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.

After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.

Additional Terms

(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.

(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.

(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.

Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.

I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.

Group Visit Agreement
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CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement

I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.

CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer

Article I

This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.

Article II

Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.

Article III

Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.

Article IV

Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.

Article V

During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.

Article VI

Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.

CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement

According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):

I. General Provisions

(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.

(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.

(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.

II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use

(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.

(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.

(3) Geographical Scope of Use

The applicable geographic scope is global.

The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).

III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use

Use in perpetuity.

IV. Licensing Fees

The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.

After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.

Additional Terms

(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.

(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.

(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.

Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.

I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.

Group Visit Agreement
and Statement

CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement

I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.

CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer

Article I

This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.

Article II

Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.

Article III

Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.

Article IV

Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.

Article V

During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.

Article VI

Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.

CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement

According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):

I. General Provisions

(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.

(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.

(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.

II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use

(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.

(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.

(3) Geographical Scope of Use

The applicable geographic scope is global.

The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).

III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use

Use in perpetuity.

IV. Licensing Fees

The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.

After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.

Additional Terms

(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.

(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.

(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.

Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.

I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.

Event Booking Form

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Reminder:

Hello! Thank you for participating in our public education event and we are looking forward to seeing you! If you cannot attend the event on time, please send a text message to 13261936837 (Liang) to cancel the booking. Please be aware that your eligibility for using the quick booking may be affected If you cancel the booking more than three times. Thank you for your understanding!
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