大学为何需要博物馆?

大约在15年前,美国很多大学开始改造自己的博物馆,将它们从门庭冷落、只供内部开放、大部分展品为教学藏品的现状,改造为更宽敞、可以容纳更丰富展品的公共博物馆,增设大规模的展览和项目,以吸引更多元的观众群体。杜克大学纳希尔艺术博物馆于2005年10月开幕,当时面临着诸多关于如何发展它的挑战,我想好好回顾一下上述现象,以及美国大学博物馆的历史。

我想先从自己大学时代的一段经历说起。上世纪七十年代,作为布兰迪斯大学的新生,我希望主修历史和政治学,同时学习俄语,这样我就可以专注研究苏联问题。但是,在大学第一个学期,我选修了一门艺术史课程。上完第一节课,我就清楚地知道这门课程就是为我而设,并且从此再未动摇过。我主修了艺术史,并一路读到研究生,再到1985年取得耶鲁大学的博士学位,之后在几家不同博物馆做了一系列不同的工作。小时候就被父母拖去不同的博物馆参观的我,成年之后的博物馆初体验则是来自布兰迪斯大学博物馆——罗斯艺术博物馆,也是在那里,我爱上了博物馆,也体会到博物馆工作的激情与挑战。

我有两位一同在罗斯艺术博物馆“打发时间”的同学,一位是亚当·韦恩伯格,他如今是惠特尼美国艺术博物馆的馆长,另一位是加里·廷特罗,现今是大都会艺术博物馆欧洲绘画部高级策展人。我们现在依旧时常联系,并一致同意那段在大学博物馆的经历对我们之后的职业道路选择影响深远。我觉得我这段个人经历比我要说的其他任何事都能证明大学艺术博物馆在美国视觉艺术教育中所具有的举足轻重的地位。

但我依然要做这场主题演讲,从我的角度谈谈大学艺术博物馆的历史,以及这些机构在高等教育体系和艺术世界正在面临的机遇与挑战。毕竟,很多在艺术界拥有话语权的艺术家、学者、策展人和博物馆馆长都是从这一教育体系中走出来的。

还没有人专门写过大学艺术博物馆的历史(可能写了也没有人会读),但这段历史确实是一段令人着迷的故事。当我们谈论这段历史,我们需要回溯到文艺复兴时期的欧洲,那时候出现了好奇柜现象,贵族们大量私藏稀奇的文物并私下展出,这已成为16和17世纪绅士教育的一部分。好奇柜的目的是搜集代表全世界各地知识的物件于一室,而这并不只是一种比喻性质的说法,而是真的收集在一室。

牛津大学创建于1683年的阿什莫林大学博物馆,是世界最早的大学博物馆之一。它的藏品来自于伊莱亚斯·阿什莫尔的好奇柜。这间博物馆在18世纪移民到美国的英国人中声名显赫,并且成为了早期美国大学艺术博物馆的范例。甚至在18世纪,美国一些大学博物馆以阿什莫林为蓝本进行收藏,比如哈佛大学、达特茅斯大学、鲍登学院等大学。这些博物馆的大部分藏品如今已经因为各种原因四散不见,我们对它们知之甚少,只知道它们存在过,并且其中既有艺术作品也有自然历史标本,就和好奇柜一样。

第一间大学艺术博物馆诞生于1831-1832年的耶鲁大学。艺术家约翰·特朗布尔捐赠了一大批他的历史画藏品,以交换一笔终生年金——这一想法似乎来自捐赠者,而非学校。不过耶鲁大学最终还是决定接受这笔捐赠,并且斥巨资建造了一个美术馆,以存放这些藏品。

我们也应当记住费城博物馆。它由艺术家查尔斯·威尔森·皮尔于18世纪80年代创建,它在公共语境下以好奇柜的形式为模板。从这张入场券上可以看到,这家博物馆是收取入场费的,要知道它是一家盈利企业,皮尔希望可以赚取足够的收入,以维持博物馆的运作、支付员工工资,同时供养他庞大的家庭。他曾多次试图说服总统托马斯·杰斐逊将费城博物馆纳为国家级博物馆,虽然杰斐逊总统个人很有兴趣,但出于博物馆开支的考虑,一直没有接受皮尔的请求。

1836年,美国政府接受了一笔来自英国人詹姆斯·史密森的遗赠,以“为了知识的提高与传承”的名义。国会花了10年的时间辩论这句话的真正含义与可行方法。他们最初的想法是建立一所国立大学,但这个想法最终被否决(因为他们认为一所大学可以传播知识,但无法增长知识),取而代之的是建立史密森尼学会——一间博物馆(或者说是一系列博物馆和研究机构的集合组织),他们认为这才是实现史密森目标的最佳方式。

南北战争结束后,到19世纪70年代之前,出现了博物馆运动。它产生的原因十分复杂,在此次演讲中就不赘述了。但需要说的是,从这个时间开始,直到19世纪90年代,一大批伟大的公共博物馆在美国建立,其中包括纽约的大都会博物馆和美国自然历史博物馆、波士顿美术馆、费城艺术博物馆、芝加哥艺术博物馆和菲尔德博物馆。

历史学家彼得·康恩在他1998年的著作《博物馆与美国的智识生活,1876-1926》中提出,在这段时间,被认为是新知识和研究的主要贡献者的是博物馆而非大学。这个结论呼应了50年前的史密森之辩。同时,康恩也将“博物馆运动”的火热部分归因于一种对博物馆将成为这个正在经历飞速工业化和城市化的国家中新知识的源头的坚信。康恩同时称,到了20世纪20年代,这个趋势发生了变化,一大部分原因是原先依赖于保存在博物馆中的标本进行研究的科学和自然历史学科,慢慢脱离了对这些标本的依赖,导致博物馆的重要性逐渐减弱。有趣的是,康恩认为艺术博物馆情况不同,对此我深以为然。康恩指出,原版艺术作品并没有失去它们的重要性,相比于其他学科,艺术和艺术史教学更需要依赖原版艺术作品。

反观19世纪末的大学环境,再结合康恩的论述,我们可以轻松推测博物馆对大学教学与研究的重要性。举个例子,在1892年芝加哥大学建立的时候,是否拥有校博物馆被认为是一个大学是否具备最高学术水准的重要评价指标之一,于是芝加哥大学的创建者希望在一开始就配备博物馆。芝加哥大学校园中最先建起的两栋楼都是博物馆:专注于自然历史的沃克博物馆和收藏了来自古代近东地区的宗教艺术品的哈斯克尔东方博物馆。

有趣的是,沃克自然历史博物馆的藏品最终于20世纪50年代全部转移到了菲尔德博物馆,很可能是因为它们对大学教学与研究不再重要。1931年,哈斯克尔东方博物馆的藏品也转移到了新成立的东方研究所,后者至今仍然是芝加哥大学古代近东文化的重要研究中心。芝加哥大学直到1974年才建立了艺术博物馆,原因似乎是在当时,芝加哥大学是唯一一所既立志于在艺术史领域有所成就,却没有自己的艺术博物馆的大学。

我上述提及了18和19世纪早期的大学博物馆历史。回顾历史,第一间大学艺术博物馆是建于19世纪30年代的耶鲁大学艺术博物馆。在它之后,其他大学纷纷效仿,包括瓦萨学院(1863年)和曼荷莲女子学院(1875年)。其他的几间大学,则是于我之前提到过的博物馆运动兴起之后才逐渐兴建博物馆,例如普林斯顿大学(1882年)、斯坦福大学(1885年)、韦尔斯利学院(1889件),以及哈佛大学(1895年)。这些大学艺术博物馆建立馆藏,以帮助工作室艺术专业和新兴艺术史专业的教学与研究活动。同时也有很多大学意识到,应该让学生在大学校园里接触到艺术品原作,以将他们培养成更加品味高雅、全面发展的人才。这一目标在20世纪变得更加迫切,尤其是二战后高等教育迅速发展的时候。这一时期又有许多大学建立博物馆:欧柏林学院(1917)、史密斯学院(1920)、俄勒冈大学(1922)、华盛顿大学(1927)、堪萨斯大学(1928)、印第安纳大学博物馆(1941)、密歇根大学(1958)、北卡罗莱纳大学(1958)、加州大学伯克利分校(1965)、爱荷华大学(1967)、杜克大学(1969),等等。人们不禁会发现,若是在大学附近缺少主要的市立艺术博物馆,则大学更有动力建立自己的博物馆。虽然其实也有很多其他原因,但无疑这是很关键的一点。我想介绍二战时期的一本新奇有趣的小书,由时任美国博物馆联盟理事的劳伦斯·威尔·科尔曼所著,1942年出版,书名是《大学与大学博物馆:一则给校长的讯息》。这个书名总是让我觉得不太吉利,即使书本身确实十分有力地阐述了大学为何需要自己的博物馆,并包含了很多如何建立与管理博物馆的实用信息。科尔曼的讯息(与康恩的论点一致)是大学必须要有博物馆,艺术博物馆和自然历史与科学博物馆都需要,以收藏和展示对相关领域下的(学院)教学与(大学)研究有用的藏品。科尔曼将大学博物馆与实验室类比,认为它们与任何一所严肃的学术机构同等重要。科尔曼强调大学博物馆的藏品需要触手可及,因此在位置上要尽量靠近教室,不仅如此,大学博物馆的建筑外观必须“有博物馆的样子”,不能和学校里的其他建筑一样。科尔曼用大篇幅文章讨论大学博物馆应由谁来管理:他承认由一位相关学科的教授管理博物馆的优势,因为这样能够保证大学博物馆的教学与研究使命;但他也警醒这样做的危险,如果这位教授不具有管理博物馆的知识和经验,他可能无法成功管理好一间博物馆,甚至造成藏品的损坏与遗失。科尔曼建议由一位具备专业博物馆管理经验的人来做馆长,他同时也要具备教学与研究的能力,且充分参与到学科部门的日常工作,这样方能保证博物馆与教研的紧密联系。我赞成他的这一看法,尤其随着大学博物馆规模不断扩大、运营更加复杂与专业化、馆藏价值也大幅升高,这一模式至今仍是大学博物馆管理模式中最为强劲有力的。

科尔曼也反对以牺牲大学社区为代价,将大学博物馆过度向外界公众开放。在此引用书中的一段话(第五页):

大学或学院的博物馆的第一要务在于服务于大学,这意味着教职工与学生比市民和外界更有优先权。包括与学校机构合作和儿童教育服务在内的公共服务,不再是大学博物馆的首要工作。有一些大学博物馆的管理者热衷于公共事业,他们对公共服务超乎寻常的热情使他们忽视了博物馆所在机构的利益。也有一些大学博物馆秉承着“我为人人”的精神,但除非这些博物馆将它们的本职工作——服务学生——做到最好,它们就是不称职的大学博物馆。

这个问题从古至今都是一个难题——因此也最为有趣——现在我来解释一下原因。

在20世纪七八十年代,市立艺术博物馆的公共角色急剧扩大(这一时期基本所有主要城市都有市立博物馆),这源于“巨型展览”(blockbuster)现象的产生和公共投资的加大。投资者包括市政府(通常占据博物馆年预算的很大比例)、新联邦政府机构(包括美国国家艺术基金会、美国国家人文基金会和博物馆服务学会)与州立艺术委员会。这些政府资方坚持要求博物馆继续扩大受众群体和教育影响力,当然他们有十分充足和明显的理由。这一趋势也影响了大学博物馆,很多虽然传统上更面向大学内部,也被默认为所在城市的市立或地区艺术博物馆。很多情况下,大学对此表示支持,因为他们急切想要和当地社区建立联系——对接受国家大量拨款的大学来说尤其如此,因为处于免税状态的它们想要回馈给当地社区一些有形的回报。大学也发现,自己的博物馆可以凭借自身力量吸引捐赠者和外部资金,它们也无需提供100%的资金支持。随着对外部支持的依赖愈加增大,大学艺术博物馆自然也意识到一个事实,即它们更需要在展览活动和其他服务上和外部观众建立联系,它们再也无法只专注于学生和教职工了。

把时针再向前拨回一点,来回顾一下战后初期由退伍军人权利法推动的迅速扩张的高等教育。原来,当时很多服兵役的艺术家都受益于此,得以继续学习美术,同时艺术工作室公寓在美国的增多也和这一潮流有关。冷战时期,人们对于“创意研究”兴致昂扬,试图用心理和其他学科解开艺术家等创意天才的秘密,以将这些经验复制到包括数学和科学在内的全部学科,防止被俄罗斯在这些领域惊险超越(想想斯普特尼克号吧)。人们当时认为人人都能从艺术学习中激发自身的创造力。这也是二战后美国工作室艺术项目增多的原因之一(同时也是大学美术馆支撑这些研究的动力之一)。

由于战乱,很多艺术家和学者(其中包括顶尖的艺术史学者)从欧洲移民到美国。这些欧洲艺术史学家为促成(乃至创立)战后顶尖的艺术史系(哈佛、耶鲁、普林斯顿、哥伦比亚和纽约艺术学院)做出了巨大贡献。出于和工作室艺术相同的原因,艺术史研究在战后时期逐渐繁盛和扩增。然而,这一情况在20世纪80年代发生了改变。艺术史学科变得愈加理论化,严重受结构主义和后结构主义文学理论影响,而原版艺术品在艺术史学术教育中发挥的作用越来越小。这和上述的公共职能恰好同时发生,进一步导致了大学艺术博物馆的注意力逐渐从内部观众移向外部。

然而,在过去的十年间,很多艺术史学者重新将注意力转回博物馆,不仅因为它们是某些特定藏品的储存地,也因为它们在艺术史上的发生、意义重大的知识组织与代表模式,以及重要的现代智识元素。很多其他领域的学者也在探索工作与教学的新方法,通过藏品、视觉证据和文字来应对更大的受众群体。在公共智识年代,大学艺术博物馆有了新的影响力。

或者其实还有更多潜能。在我看来,大学艺术博物馆并非总能迅速对机遇做出反应,并且很多还和市立博物馆一样,有很多来自外部资金的压力。毫无疑问,大学博物馆应该持续面向更广大的受众,就像市立博物馆一样,但大学博物馆不应忘记,它们实际上是完全不同的另一种生物,有不同的使命,并且拥有不同且非常强大的、来自大学的智识资源。大学艺术博物馆可以做到很多大型市立博物馆做不到的事,并且它们应该且必须做这些事。什么事呢?举办具有学术挑战的展览;通过创意和意义兼具的形式真正提高学生的参与度,培养未来的艺术人才和艺术爱好者;实现不同学院、学科间的协作,在整个人类历史的背景下促进对艺术和视觉文化关键议题的理解与欣赏;在收藏形式上进行创新,包括建立还未被大型博物馆采用的全新收藏领域,以及通过向大型博物馆租借少有机会展出的藏品来办展等。公平地讲,一些大学艺术博物馆正在以十分新颖的方式回应这些挑战,同时它们已经意识到,对于任何机构来说,自身的优势来自于自己独特的使命和独一无二的资源。创意的张力便潜藏于此,对包括纳希尔艺术博物馆在内的大多数大学艺术博物馆来说,它们还是需要服务更广大的受众群体,这意味着需要专门运用项目和资源来达成这些目标,也许不得不因此怠慢学生和教职工。纳希尔艺术博物馆的建筑在这方面具有优势,因为它在设计的时候特意将多种使命考虑在内。它既有令人兴奋的公共空间,也有宁静沉着的美术馆空间,后者在设计上极具灵活性,以展示不同的艺术作品。博物馆中还特地为学生设置了教室和讲堂,有专门的学习贮藏室和展览区域,以便学生和课程使用,同时兼顾面向大众的展览。我们同时也会提供众所期待的便利设施——拥有美食和咖啡的咖啡馆与车位充足的停车场——令博物馆行程更加舒适和愉悦。

 

作者 | 金茉莉·罗夏克

翻译 | 刘彦超 卢禹凡

原译文发表于《美术馆》杂志2020年第2期

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Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.

Article III

Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.

Article IV

Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.

Article V

During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.

Article VI

Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.

CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement

According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):

I. General Provisions

(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.

(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.

(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.

II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use

(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.

(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.

(3) Geographical Scope of Use

The applicable geographic scope is global.

The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).

III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use

Use in perpetuity.

IV. Licensing Fees

The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.

After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.

Additional Terms

(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.

(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.

(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.

Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.

I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.

Group Visit Agreement
and Statement

CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement

I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.

CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer

Article I

This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.

Article II

Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.

Article III

Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.

Article IV

Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.

Article V

During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.

Article VI

Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.

CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement

According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):

I. General Provisions

(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.

(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.

(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.

II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use

(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.

(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.

(3) Geographical Scope of Use

The applicable geographic scope is global.

The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).

III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use

Use in perpetuity.

IV. Licensing Fees

The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.

After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.

Additional Terms

(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.

(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.

(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.

Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.

I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.

Group Visit Agreement
and Statement

CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement

I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.

CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer

Article I

This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.

Article II

Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.

Article III

Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.

Article IV

Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.

Article V

During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.

Article VI

Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.

CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement

According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):

I. General Provisions

(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.

(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.

(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.

II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use

(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.

(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.

(3) Geographical Scope of Use

The applicable geographic scope is global.

The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).

III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use

Use in perpetuity.

IV. Licensing Fees

The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.

After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.

Additional Terms

(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.

(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.

(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.

Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.

I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.

Event Booking Form

Name:
Gender
Phone:
Valid Certificate: Identity Card
ID Number:
Email:

Reminder:

Hello! Thank you for participating in our public education event and we are looking forward to seeing you! If you cannot attend the event on time, please send a text message to 13261936837 (Liang) to cancel the booking. Please be aware that your eligibility for using the quick booking may be affected If you cancel the booking more than three times. Thank you for your understanding!
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