“多维的感性——中央美术学院美术馆藏女艺术家作品专题展”已于7月8日正式拉开帷幕,开展后吸引了大量公众前往观展,也引发了艺术史学者、批评家、艺术家以及媒体的关注与讨论。艺术中国、99艺术网、网易新闻、南方都市报、北京日报、中国妇女报等媒体就展览理念、美学表达以及空间叙事等多角度进行了精彩的报道。今天为大家带来中央美术学院美术馆馆长张子康教授为此次展览及展览出版物撰写的前言,并将展览三个版块“具身之感、秩序之感、媒介之感”的阐释文本与参展作品进行完整呈现,以期让公众深度认知和理解女艺术家如何以“感性”构建女艺术家的情感流动与精神托举。
前言 II
动人的艺术作品往往不是纪念碑性的,而是藏于日常的细节当中。除了先天的基因差异与性别生理因素,长久以来的生产生活方式,决定了女性与真实的日常生活有着更大的接触面积与摩擦力,这在一定程度上使得女性生出了更多的触角,对周遭的事物有着更加深入且广泛的嵌入,以及更加细微的体察。
基于劳动生产方式和生育能力的社会分工及其所附属的隐性金融安排,在一定程度上固化了女性的社会地位,同时渐进地隐匿起来的,还有女性的角色地位。如果说,是洗衣机的发明将女性解放出了劳务繁重的家庭,信息化、智能化等现代的社会生产方式则进一步释放了女性的生产能力、才智和更多的社会参与——女性开始作为一个独立的群体日益被看到。然而,一直以来,对于女性性别与角色的探讨,大多是来自于社会人类学意义上的,文化艺术方面的注意力也更多地集中在了对于作品人物的认可与分析上,忽略了背后真实的女性群体乃至女性创作者。
20世纪以来对于女性艺术家这一现象的剖析与泛化的性别定义和概念性探索,都是对于这一道路的开拓与尝试。展览“多维的感性”回归到女性创作者和女性艺术家这一角色本身,回归于“感性”这一原始、朴素的主题,更多地关注到趋势和浪潮涌动下的女性艺术家身份。并且,当女性群体被分离出来进行单独审视的时候,女性群体的问题意识随之被发觉、被看见、被反思。这就为我们带来了更加深刻的体验,透过不同的视角,重新感知日常与当下,这是心理与精神性的,也是启发与建设性的。
在“多维的感性”这一大的主题之下,本次展览共分三个板块——包括具身之感,秩序之感,媒介之感,分别从女性性别特质所赋予的独特传感器,女性艺术家对于艺术的追求、探索与表达,构建起一段段结伴而行的旅程,从中感受女性情感的流动与灌注于作品中的精神托举,女性对于微妙情绪的捕捉与透过作品所进行的表达、回应、思辨与释然,其中不乏对社会时代变迁的体感,对美的向往,对人所共通的精神世界支撑的寻觅与构筑。展览从个体女性艺术家的尝试与努力,放大到女性群体,还原女性视角,重新审视女性处境,试图构建差异性下的丰富性,认同性下的多元性,立体性下的普世性,理解性下的突破性,以及,基于理性共情之下的正视与尊重。
张子康
中央美术学院美术馆馆长
2023年5月
“多维的感性”展览版块及作品
具身之感
具身是感性的深刻维度。从艺术创作的界域看,具身可以理解为以触觉、感觉、听觉等身体感知体验激活心理感知的过程,并以此延展至对符号、图示的理解、审美和文化认知以及思维方式的影响。在女艺术家的创作中,具身是一种创作的自觉,她们不仅通过具身的体验与经验来感知自己的存在,还通过具身的感觉来探索和认识周围的世界,来体认世间万物,并以绘画、雕塑、摄影等多种艺术形式来表现身体,表达丰富的内心感受和精神世界。
小马 / 申玲 / 布面油彩 / 145×110cm / 1990
桂林白公馆的幸福艺术家 / 闫平 / 布面油彩 / 50×60cm / 2014
我心飞翔之一 / 叶南 / 布面油彩 / 200x200cm / 2014
另一种空间3 / 徐华翎 / 国画色、矿物质颜色、亚麻布 / 160×110cm / 2000
自画像 / 康蕾 / 布面油彩 / 160×110cm / 2002
相遇系列1 / 傅莹莹 / 木板油彩、铅笔 / 40×50cm×4 / 2010
漂浮的想象 / 林笑初 / 布面油画 / 180cmX86cm / 2013
秩序之感
秩序常被认为与理性更为紧密,但它与感性并不对立,艺术创作的最佳状态是感性的自由灵动与理性的秩序控制达到高度契合。秩序为女艺术家提供了重要的美学创作框架与路径,帮助她们把感知冲动和感性表达整理成有意义的形式,将富有感性想象力的视觉材料以对称、均衡、聚合、重复、对比、渐变等方式进行组织协调,为作品构筑起具有强烈节奏感和韵律美的视觉秩序。自然、城市、机器等客观世界的事物被以写实的方式来表现现代社会的具象秩序;心灵世界、社会意识、历史延续等则被以几何形状、色彩、线条纯化为抽象秩序的表达。
理想园 / 高思桦 / 布面丙烯 / 80cm x 150cm x 2 / 2013
目木,木目 / 周艺蕾 / 布面油彩 / 240×200cm / 2016
拆一根销、解得一件家具 / 薛文静 / 北美黑胡桃、黄铜、亚克力 /
172×32×155cm / 2017
印象之一 / 乔杨 / 艺术微喷 / 118.8x84.1cm / 2012
无用的解放 / 苏莘媞 / 数位喷绘、墨水、丙烯、压克力板 / 93x186cm / 2021
离婚纪念照 / 高美琳 / 收藏级微喷 / 127x95cm / 2019
媒介之感
“媒介是人体的延伸”阐明了媒介通过诉诸人的感官来传达信息。事实上正是因为媒介,女艺术家的感性优势才更有可能被视为一种价值。媒介为女艺术家的创作带来最为感性的演绎:细腻与粗犷、静谧与喧闹、浪漫与现实、单纯与丰富、和谐与冲突……不同媒介的形态属性及蕴含其中的精神乃至文化属性激发了女艺术家多样的感知和多元的思考,也熔铸了她们独特的创作语言和审美模式。
变异的‘生物’ / 黄小黛 / 3D打印树脂、宝石、银、植绒,钢等
15-30cm不等 / 2016
从一枚戒指开始 / 吴冕 / 银,尺寸可变 / 2012
刘佳 / 须臾·万里 / 收藏级相纸数码微喷、数字影像 / 70×900cm / 2019
镜像 / 刘子瑶 / 布面油彩 / 100×80cm×2 / 2020
行走—重新出发 / 田野冬雪 / 雕塑,尺寸可变 / 2015
赛金花的大腿 / 边霄萌 / 卸妆棉、卸妆液、化妆品、铁
450×120×100cm / 2015—2016
板块文字摘自《策展人语》,纪玉洁,
《多维的感性——中央美术学院美术馆藏女艺术家作品集》
CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement
I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.
CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer
Article I
This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.
Article II
Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.
Article III
Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.
Article IV
Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.
Article V
During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.
Article VI
Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.
CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement
According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):
I. General Provisions
(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.
(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.
(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.
II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use
(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.
(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.
(3) Geographical Scope of Use
The applicable geographic scope is global.
The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).
III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use
Use in perpetuity.
IV. Licensing Fees
The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.
After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.
Additional Terms
(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.
(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.
(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.
Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.
I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.
CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement
I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.
CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer
Article I
This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.
Article II
Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.
Article III
Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.
Article IV
Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.
Article V
During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.
Article VI
Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.
CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement
According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):
I. General Provisions
(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.
(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.
(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.
II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use
(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.
(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.
(3) Geographical Scope of Use
The applicable geographic scope is global.
The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).
III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use
Use in perpetuity.
IV. Licensing Fees
The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.
After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.
Additional Terms
(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.
(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.
(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.
Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.
I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.
CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement
I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.
CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer
Article I
This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.
Article II
Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.
Article III
Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.
Article IV
Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.
Article V
During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.
Article VI
Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.
CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement
According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):
I. General Provisions
(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.
(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.
(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.
II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use
(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.
(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.
(3) Geographical Scope of Use
The applicable geographic scope is global.
The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).
III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use
Use in perpetuity.
IV. Licensing Fees
The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.
After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.
Additional Terms
(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.
(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.
(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.
Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.
I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.