团体作为方法
中央美术学院艺术团体研究与抽样展
主办：中央美术学院美术馆
展览时间：2023年7月12日—9月3日
展览地点：中央美术学院美术馆3层展厅
“团体”，是艺术世界的一种常见工作方法。艺术团体，可能促成了某个观念的传播与接收，可能形成了有别于个人创作的另一条艺术史叙事脉络，也可能记录了一段共同成长的友谊。
此次展览即以“团体”作为切入以中央美术学院为坐标的中国美术史研究的一条线索，尝试梳理和展示中央美术学院百年发展史中各时期自组织艺术团体的文献，并抽取其中有历史代表性的若干团体作为样本进行剖析式的具体展示。
展览的第一部分以90个艺术团体的文献资料为内容，展览的第二部分以1920年代以来的3组艺术团体的文献与作品为内容，包含阿博洛学会(1920年代)、四方工作室(1990年代)和N12(2000年代)。
下面将为大家展开第二个参展艺术团体的样本——四方工作室 (1990年代)。
成立时间：1997年
成员：苏新平、谭平、王华祥、周吉荣
团体理念：
“四方”即蕴含着“来自四方”的地理概念隐喻，也包含“通向四方”的艺术发展方向规划;既是四种版画类型(石版、铜版、木版和丝网版)的指代，也是对创作自由精神的张扬。四方工作室成立的初衷是为当时落寞的版画艺术找寻破题之道。来自中央美术学院的四位教师感受到版画自身发展的焦虑，不甘于现状而希冀有所改变的四人走到了一起，试图发现版画语言本身的可变性，进行更具社会性和观念性的表达。相较于传统的工作室的概念，四方工作室像是一个自由的团体，形式上的松散性和包容性使其成员在创作上获得了更大的自主性和独立意识;而在四方工作室对外作为一个整体发声时，也更容易增加其观点的影响力。四位成员在专注自身艺术语言的同时，还对综合材料进行了实验和探索，并更多地涉猎其他门类的艺术。
四方工作室合影。从左到右依次为王华祥、周吉荣、谭平、苏新平
主要活动
1998年2月，宋晓霞对刚成立不久的四方工作室就当代版画的发展及其自身的创作进行了访谈，访谈内容《版画家到底在关注什么？──与“四方工作室”一夕谈》发表在《美术研究》（1998年第2期）。
1998年5月26日，在北京国际艺苑美术馆举办“四方工作室首展”，展至5月30日。展览期间举办“转型期的中国艺术”研讨会。报道文章《四方工作室首展暨“转型期的中国艺术”研讨会》发表在《中国版画》（1999年第14期）。
1999年6月15日，在上海美术馆举办“四方工作室联展”。6月16日举办“开放的空间：文化交流中的冲突与融合”人文艺术研讨会，殷双喜为展览及研讨会撰写评论《艺术与人文：文化交流中的冲突与融合》。
2000年，在德国波恩阿登纳基金会展览馆举办“四方工作室作品展”。
2002年10月24日，在广东美术馆举办“2002四方工作室作品展”，展至11月10日。
2014年12月26日，在798圣之艺术中心举办“四个人展出四张画的理由——‘四方工作室’艺术家的语言嬗变”展览，展至2015年1月7日。时隔多年，四位艺术家各展出一件近作，分别为苏新平的色粉作品《表情》、谭平的丙烯作品《无题》、王华祥的油画作品《耕种》以及周吉荣的综合版画作品《海市蜃楼》。
2015年3月21日，在深圳1618艺术空间举办“四个人展出四张画的理由——‘四方工作室’艺术家的语言嬗变”巡回展览，展至5月12日。开幕式之后，策展人刘礼宾主持了一场围绕当代艺术语言演变而展开的研讨会。展览形成四方工作室画册《四个人展出四张画的理由——‘四方工作室’艺术家的语言嬗变》。王华祥提到四位艺术家通过联展的形式重聚一堂，“就像一个老牌的乐队又重新组合在一起。这期间历经了祖国的巨大变迁，我们的作品因此也承载了自身的心路历程和国家变迁。一幅作品，不仅仅是简单的一幅作品，它就像一个芯片，储存了时代的特性。”
1998年“四方工作室首展”现场
1999年，“四方工作室联展”在上海美术馆举办。团体成员在展场外留影
2000年，德国波恩阿登纳基金会展览馆“四方工作室作品展”现场
2002年，“2002四方工作室作品展”在广东美术馆举办。周吉荣在展场外留影
2014年，798圣之艺术中心“四个人展出四张画的理由——‘四方工作室’艺术家的语言嬗变”展览现场
成员访谈摘录及作品选登
苏新平：
我们聚在一起成立四方工作室，有偶然性但也是必然的结合。我们四个人的年龄相近、经历相似、对社会及文化问题的认识也有着许多共同点。而且大家都不满足于只在版画自身或单一版种中摸爬滚打，涉足其它艺术领域或力求使自己的艺术在其它领域得到拓展，也是大家不谋而合的要求。像我们这样大家凝聚在一起，提出共同感兴趣的问题，有针对性地开展活动，在当今多元的文化现状下，更容易产生冲击力。
（摘自四方工作室采访“版画家到底在关注什么?”，1998 年）
《寂静的小镇之三》，石版单色，53×68cm，1991年，中央美术学院美术馆藏
《红之一》，铜版画，112×168cm，2017年，艺术家提供
谭平：
四方工作室四个人的合作有共同的愿望，但在艺术的观念上并非有共同的目标，每人都有自己的偏激性，做的事情也沿着各自的道路越走越深、越走越不同。正因如此，我们形成一个“方形”结构，这样不仅会使版画的语言形式越来越丰富，更重要的是借此方式，呈现我们对艺术创作多样性理念立体而完整的表述。
（摘自四方工作室采访“版画家到底在关注什么?”，1998年）
《无题1》，铜版、手工纸，100×40cm，1997年，艺术家提供
《无题》，套色木刻，82×114cm，2005年，艺术家提供
王华祥：
我们不想把自己局限在画种本身或是纯粹形式之中。我们成立四方工作室是自觉地把自己放在版画界的前沿来探索，具备了这样的自信心，我们的思考、行为及画面的样式可能就不仅仅是个人的情结。在我们一起解决了版画本体语言问题之后我们自问:作为版画家我们到底在关注什么?我们作品的内涵到底有什么新的变化?相对于其它画种，版画对于当代社会具有先天的敏感和灵敏性，可以说它是反应最快的画种。
（摘自四方工作室采访“版画家到底在关注什么?”，1998 年）
《打开心扉》，黑白木刻，50.3×40.5cm，1996年，艺术家提供
《城市幽灵2》，木版单色，350×320cm，2004年，中央美术学院美术馆藏
周吉荣：
我们组成了四方工作室以后才发现我们四个人的版画创作方向分别来自四个版种:王华祥是木版、苏新平是石版、谭平是铜版、我是丝网版。版画中的凸版、平版、 凹版、孔版，四个版种全都包括了，这也是四方的一面。我们四个人组合在一起有一个共同的认识，就是强调艺术与现实生活的联系，以及这种联系中体现出的艺术个性。还有一点，是我们都认同版画家首先应该是一个艺术家，而不仅仅是木刻家或是石版画家。
（摘自四方工作室采访“版画家到底在关注什么?”，1998 年）
《最后的纪念II》，综合版画，65.5×49cm，1997年，艺术家提供
《海市蜃楼之三》，综合材料，190×90cm，2004年，艺术家提供
《景观——鼓楼》，丝网套色，75×60cm，2013年，中央美术学院美术馆藏
展览现场
团体作为方法
中央美术学院艺术团体研究与抽样展
主办：中央美术学院美术馆
展览时间：2023年7月12日—9月3日
展览地点：中央美术学院美术馆3层展厅
学术主持：邱志杰
展览总监：张子康、韩文超
展览统筹：王春辰
策展团队：高高、刘希言、李垚辰、易玥、胡晓岚、金简如、陈冠石
策展助理：王若冰、李樱妮、王新言、张潭、夏冉
设计团队：纪玉洁、闵志伊、刘宇晗、赵鑫鑫
展览管理：吴鹏、马亮、宿世存、荆鹏
藏品管理：王春玲、崔然然、徐研、窦天炜、梅琦
媒体宣传：何一沙、吴靖、贺伊飞、马方可
官网文宣：王静
智识中心：肖宝珍
公共教育：任蕊、姚轶群、梁雯、王军
财经事务：杨柳、门婧、寇蕾
行政支持：蒋思妤、岳君瑶、张倩
后勤安保：孙炜、陈小华、吕智发
CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement
I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.
CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer
Article I
This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.
Article II
Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.
Article III
Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.
Article IV
Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.
Article V
During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.
Article VI
Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.
CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement
According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):
I. General Provisions
(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.
(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.
(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.
II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use
(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.
(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.
(3) Geographical Scope of Use
The applicable geographic scope is global.
The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).
III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use
Use in perpetuity.
IV. Licensing Fees
The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.
After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.
Additional Terms
(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.
(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.
(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.
Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.
I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.
CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement
I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.
CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer
Article I
This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.
Article II
Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.
Article III
Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.
Article IV
Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.
Article V
During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.
Article VI
Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.
CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement
According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):
I. General Provisions
(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.
(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.
(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.
II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use
(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.
(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.
(3) Geographical Scope of Use
The applicable geographic scope is global.
The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).
III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use
Use in perpetuity.
IV. Licensing Fees
The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.
After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.
Additional Terms
(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.
(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.
(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.
Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.
I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.
CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement
I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.
CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer
Article I
This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.
Article II
Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.
Article III
Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.
Article IV
Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.
Article V
During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.
Article VI
Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.
CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement
According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):
I. General Provisions
(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.
(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.
(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.
II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use
(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.
(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.
(3) Geographical Scope of Use
The applicable geographic scope is global.
The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).
III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use
Use in perpetuity.
IV. Licensing Fees
The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.
After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.
Additional Terms
(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.
(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.
(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.
Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.
I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.
