值此中巴建交50周年之际,成都当代影像馆、文泽时代和巴西联邦共和国驻华大使馆携手献礼,于11月12日至12月1日在中央美术学院美术馆呈现巴西摄影大师赛巴斯提奥·萨尔加多(Sebastião Salgado)的展览“巴西,重返大地”。
此次展览由米尔顿·顾然(Milton Guran)和让-吕克·蒙特罗索(Jean-Luc Monterosso)共同策划,通过萨尔加多最具代表性的三十余幅作品,带领观众回顾这位巴西最杰出摄影师的创作生涯,并透过他的镜头,看见人文与纪实摄影所蕴含的人道精神。
我们与策展人米尔顿·顾然展开了一场深度对话。从展览的策划思路,到萨尔加多独特的创作视角,再到本次展览所蕴含更广泛的文化意义,米尔顿分享了他思考与见解。
“巴西,重返大地——塞巴斯提奥·萨尔加多”正在中央美术学院美术馆四层展厅展出,展期将持续至2024年12月1日。
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采访:李文静(成都当代影像馆 媒体专员)
受访者:米尔顿·顾然(本次展览策展人)
李文静(以下简称“李”):为什么会选择“巴西,重返大地”作为展览主题?这一主题与萨尔加多的创作理念有何联系?
米尔顿·顾然(以下简称“顾”):展览“巴西,重返大地”(Do Brasil à terra)旨在庆祝巴西与中国建交50周年。从这个意义上讲,我们认为有必要从展览标题就开始突出“巴西”。并且,萨尔加多是一位基于其祖国生活经历发展出自己摄影视角的摄影师,他将这种视角带向了世界。值得一提的是,葡萄牙语中的“terra”一词既指“土地”,也可以指“地球”。
►“巴西,重返大地——塞巴斯提奥·萨尔加多”展览现场
李:萨尔加多坚持以系列的形式呈现他的摄影作品,而不是单张照片。您如何看待这种叙事方式对观众理解作品的影响?
顾:一张独立的照片具有极强的审美意义,因为它是作为一个整体被欣赏的。而一组照片则讲述了一个故事。事实上,萨尔加多不仅是我们这个时代标志性照片的创作者,他同样擅长构建宏大的叙事。能够像他这样专注于全球范围叙事的摄影师,在世界上寥寥无几。
李:本次展览的叙事也是通过系列的方式展开,展出了《创世纪》、《劳动者》、《另一个美洲》等多个系列作品。您和让-吕克·蒙特罗索(Jean-Luc Monterosso)是如何筛选和组织这些作品的?这些作品存在什么样的联系?
顾:本次展览的策展思路是向中国观众呈现赛巴斯提奥·萨尔加多在中国可见作品的概览。因此,我们对这些系列进行了梳理,从每个系列中挑选了具有代表性的影像。
►“巴西,重返大地——塞巴斯提奥·萨尔加多”展览现场
李:在人文与纪实摄影中,很多着眼于“第三世界”的作品常给人以悲情或使人怜悯的印象,而萨尔加多的作品却表现出一种微妙的社会和经济洞察力。您认为他是如何避免自己陷入刻板的叙事方式,并在艺术表现和情感表达之间找到这种微妙平衡的?您认为这种特质来自他的哪些创作理念或方法?
顾:赛巴斯提奥·萨尔加多最初受训于经济学。在成为专职摄影师之前,他是一名职业的经济学家。此外,他的家庭居住在巴西内陆的一座农场里,这让他对土地相关的经济和社会问题有着丰富的实践经验。这些经历塑造了他的视角,并引导了他作为摄影师的创作方向。
李:您认为萨尔加多是如何通过摄影探讨关于社会与环境议题,并传递平等和人类共同命运的观念?在当前的社会背景下,这些作品具有怎样的特殊意义?
顾:萨尔加多的摄影不仅关注经济和社会层面的问题,还通过卓越的美学表现将这些议题提升到更高的认识层次。他的摄影作品不仅传递信息,更重要的是,能够打动人心。
危地马拉城的郊区,1978 © 塞巴斯提奥·萨尔加多
Os subúrbios da Cidade da Guatemala, 1978 © Sebastião Salgado
李:巴西作为萨尔加多的故乡,对他的创作有何影响?这种影响如何贯穿于他的作品中?
顾:萨尔加多在农庄里长大,因此,他的最初视角来源于土地、种植与收获的时间,以及基于农业经济模式所形成的社会关系。
李:萨尔加多的摄影常以全球化视角审视地方性问题。您如何看待他的作品在不同文化背景下的解读和接受度?尤其本次展览在中国展出,是否存在文化距离?这种距离会对中国观众的理解产生怎样的影响?
顾:赛巴斯提奥·萨尔加多的作品享誉全球。他几乎获得了所有表彰摄影师杰出成就的权威奖项。这种成功得益于他作品中体现的全球视角,以及他从个体出发看世界,并通过更宏大的全球视野触及个体的意愿。
厄瓜多尔,1982 © 塞巴斯提奥·萨尔加多
Ecuador, 1982 © Sebastião Salgado
李:“巴西,重返大地”作为跨文化的展览项目,对于作为策展人的您来说,在策划和执行中有哪些亮点和挑战?
顾:在我看来,尽管展览涵盖的所有主题都很重要,但其最大的亮点是对“人”的关注,尤其是对巴西土著人民的展现。
李:您如何看待中巴两国在艺术和文化领域的互动?本次展览是否有助于加强两国之间的了解?
顾:我们今天所知的巴西是一个非常年轻的国家,仅有五百年的历史。而中国则有着数千年的历史。国家与人一样,可以通过文化交流学到许多东西。通常,年轻的一方注入激情与好奇,而年长的一方则带来深度与稳重。我认为,我们两国之间的关系也将如此。
| 关于策展人 |
摄影师、策展人,巴西里约热内卢国际摄影节创始人、总监;社会传播学硕士,人类学博士。巴西里约热内卢联邦大学口述历史及图像实验室研究员,主要研究摄影和人类学领域,发表多篇论文,并出版著作。
其作品被巴黎欧洲摄影博物馆、巴西圣保罗艺术博物馆、里约热内卢现代艺术博物馆、巴西里约艺术博物馆等多家公立和私人艺术机构收藏。
巴西,重返大地
Do Brasil à terra
展览时间:2024年11月12日-12月1日
展览地点:中央美术学院美术馆四层展厅
艺术家:塞巴斯提奥·萨尔加多 Sebastião Salgado
策展人:米尔顿·顾然 Milton Guran ,让-吕克·蒙特罗索 Jean-Luc Monterosso
主办:成都当代影像馆 ,文泽时代
协办:巴西联邦共和国驻华大使馆
学术支持:中央美术学院美术馆
特别支持:淡水河谷矿产品(中国)有限公司
支持:SPX,Suzano
特别鸣谢:莱莉娅·瓦尼克·萨尔加多 Lélia Wanick Salgado ,钟维兴
主编 / 何一沙
责编 / 杜隐珠
CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement
I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.
CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer
Article I
This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.
Article II
Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.
Article III
Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.
Article IV
Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.
Article V
During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.
Article VI
Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.
CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement
According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):
I. General Provisions
(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.
(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.
(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.
II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use
(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.
(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.
(3) Geographical Scope of Use
The applicable geographic scope is global.
The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).
III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use
Use in perpetuity.
IV. Licensing Fees
The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.
After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.
Additional Terms
(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.
(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.
(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.
Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.
I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.
CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement
I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.
CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer
Article I
This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.
Article II
Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.
Article III
Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.
Article IV
Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.
Article V
During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.
Article VI
Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.
CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement
According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):
I. General Provisions
(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.
(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.
(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.
II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use
(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.
(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.
(3) Geographical Scope of Use
The applicable geographic scope is global.
The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).
III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use
Use in perpetuity.
IV. Licensing Fees
The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.
After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.
Additional Terms
(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.
(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.
(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.
Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.
I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.
CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement
I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.
CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer
Article I
This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.
Article II
Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.
Article III
Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.
Article IV
Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.
Article V
During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.
Article VI
Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.
CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement
According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):
I. General Provisions
(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.
(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.
(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.
II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use
(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.
(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.
(3) Geographical Scope of Use
The applicable geographic scope is global.
The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).
III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use
Use in perpetuity.
IV. Licensing Fees
The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.
After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.
Additional Terms
(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.
(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.
(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.
Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.
I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.