“罗曼的一天”主题研讨会综述（一）
与会嘉宾:科瑞尼•莎茨（Corinne Schatz）、马克斯•韦克斯勒（Max Wechesler）、罗曼•西格纳（Roman Signer）、王璜生、吕胜中、菲利克斯•莱纳（Felix Lehner）、贾科琳•波尔卡德（Jacqueline Burckhardt）、大卫•西格纳（David Signer）、卢涛、张业宏、董冰峰、芭芭拉•西格纳（Barbara Signer）
主 持 人:李振华
时 间：2014年11月23日9：30-19：00
2014年11月23日，“罗曼的一天”主题研讨会在我馆召开，自上午9：30持续至晚7时。此次研讨会是展览“罗曼·西格纳：录像与电影1975至1989和现在” （展期自10月23日至11月23日）的闭幕式，也是“CAFAM国际艺术季·瑞士篇”的重要组成部分。该展览策展人李振华邀请艺术家罗曼·西格纳本人、十余位中外专家、学者及出版界相关人士参与了此次研讨。与会嘉宾就罗曼·西格纳艺术创作的本质、核心观念与元素、个体与整体的关系、创作过程、成长经历、合作项目等方面进行了深入探讨。在“罗曼的一天”主题研讨会上还举行了罗曼·西格纳作品捐赠仪式，王璜生馆长代表我馆向艺术家罗曼·西格纳赠送鲜花和纪念品表示感谢。
在上午半场的研讨会上，王璜生馆长致开幕辞，指出此次在我馆举办的罗曼·西格纳的个展吸引了众多观众，每次前往展厅都会发现许多人在细心观看西格纳的作品。王璜生馆长欢迎与会专家学者的到来并预祝研讨会取得成功。接着策展人李振华介绍到场嘉宾中的很多位属于德语系统艺术史家，加上艺术家亲自来到现场，使我们能更多地了解西格纳艺术创作背后的艺术思想及创作历程。
首先发言的科瑞尼·莎茨是位作家、策展人和演讲者。她曾于2002年至2012年担任瑞士东部专业艺术家组织Visarte.ost的策展团队成员及执行委员会委员、圣加仑艺术基金会主席和Sitterwerk基金会委员会成员。科瑞尼·莎茨早在１９８８年就出版了探讨罗曼•西格纳作品的《雕塑》一书，今年8月该书中文版面世。
莎茨女士的发言围绕关键词“桥梁”展开。她指出罗曼·西格纳的作品在不同文化和人们之间搭建起相互理解的桥梁，增进共识。今天，在世界各地的城市景观中都会见到高速公路、铁路及桥梁。桥梁无论在中国古代园林还是今天的城市建设中都扮演着重要角色。桥梁不仅可以加快旅行速度、成为建筑地标，同时承担着填补沟壑等深刻寓意。关于桥梁有很多传说，有的说桥梁是勇气的象征、挑战鬼神的手段。桥梁设计师不单是工程师，还应当具备特别的沟通能力和外交能力。
沙茨从不同角度分析了桥梁在罗曼·西格纳作品中的作用。他从小在河边长大，喜欢看东西从桥上坠落。在后来的作品中，他的很多创作在桥上发生，雨伞、桌子等物品从桥上下落。罗曼·西格纳巧妙运用了物质和能量的交互影响、充分探索物品的物理性能，比如重力。
在罗曼·西格纳的艺术创作中包含几个过程，一是准备，即在事件发生前将各种元素精心配置。二是等待，比如在1985年的作品《桥上的手提箱》（Koffer auf Brücke，1985）中，公文包从桥上掷出，命运完全是未知的。公文包下降坠落并发出不可避免的巨响。观众经历整个进程中物质转换的紧张及时间的伸缩，哪怕仅仅是几秒时间，直到公文包最终消失。
时间雕塑是罗曼·西格纳作品中非常核心的概念。我们在其中感受到时间的维度，通过事件发生的不同韵律感受时间的线性含义。另一方面，观众凭借自我意识去体验时间，同样时间对不同的人而言感受到的时间长度并不相同。
罗曼·西格纳把作品称作事件而非行为。“行为”一词在西方语言体系中更多地带有预设目标和主观追求。罗曼·西格纳的作品更符合东方哲学观念，无为而治，让事件进程按自有规律往前推动。他为事件的发生设置了开口，只是进程的设计者，接下来由自然本身去控制和完成。因此他说自然的力量本身创造了雕塑的形式。他所做的只是将自然中被忽视的寻找出来。
罗曼·西格纳的作品体现出两方面的寓意，一方面人类觉得可以控制一切，操纵自然；另一方面又意识到自身的局限。人类处在两者中间苦苦挣扎。他的作品如同现代寓言。从这个意义上讲，罗曼·西格纳的作品似乎成为揭开人类自身局限的绳索，让我们看到人类的努力追求及不可避免的失败结局，如同希腊神话中伊卡鲁斯(Icarus) 太过自信，最后离太阳过近而失去翅膀掉进大海。
沙茨女士在演讲的最后指出，罗曼·西格纳的作品蕴含着幽默和诗意的感受。桌子、椅子、垃圾筒、气球等一些看似可笑的元素承载了不寻常的事件为观众提供了情感的释放空间，其中蕴含的悲剧因素使我们对自身进行深刻反思，对命运的荒谬发笑，也为人们提供解决自身无助困境的绳结，可以看出罗曼·西格纳的作品在人类及其自身感受之间连接起了一座桥梁。
研讨会上午半场的第二位发言人马克斯•韦克斯勒博士是位艺术评论家，多年来一直在国际性杂志和刊物上发表评论和散文，还从事艺术理论和艺术家文本的翻译工作。韦克斯勒博士曾在苏黎世大学研究英文、德文、文学及艺术史。他的写作往往带有策展实践意识。
他首先引用罗曼·西格纳在自传里所述，童年时罗曼就认为自己会成为艺术家。韦克斯勒博士指出，毫无疑问罗曼为艺术而生。罗曼·西格纳尝试过绘画，之后在20世纪六、七十年代开始形成独特风格，从事不受任何约束的创作。他的作品更多地体现了自身对世界的感知，简单却绝不粗糙，展示出不受限制的各种可能性，蕴含丰富的哲学思想。
罗曼·西格纳在创作中常用8毫米胶片机把工作过程全部记录。他注重物体和空间的联系，把运动和时间作为同样重要的元素，关注能量的转化过程及结果，不再展示静止又一成不变的作品。罗曼·西格纳在创作中发掘各材料的物理性能，运用最简单的元素和方式，比如水、土、火、气，还有时间和重力因素进行表达，将创作融入自然，运用自然本身的力量去推动进程。
罗曼·西格纳将独特创意和最常见普通材料轻松自如地结合起来，如桌子、椅子、橡胶靴子、气球、垃圾筒、铁桶、独木舟，还有一些机械设备，如自行车、直升机，老式意大利三轮车。在事件当中，罗曼·西格纳精心设计，用意想不到的方式，使物体背离制造之初被赋予的功能，通过流动、转化和重组阐述时间和空间。他的创作通常是一种灵感与严谨设计及不可控的结果的混合体。
韦克斯勒博士谈及旅行在罗曼·西格纳创作中的重要性。旅行作为一种在空间和时间维度中的运动，曾给他带来很多灵感。艺术家于1989年在35天时间内共走了20.6公里，把生活本身作为时间雕塑的一种形式。
韦克斯勒博士将罗曼·西格纳称为艺术家中的艺术家，因为其艺术表现方法和形式是他人无法复制的。他不是大众艺术家，其创作过程由内而外，不需要陪伴者和观众。罗曼·西格纳的作品成为瑞士当代艺术的代表，他轻松掌握了所谓的成功，但在另一方面，罗曼·西格纳只是非常自然地表达对人生进程或世界的理解，带有一定讽刺意义的是，他不断地展现对世界的体验，与他人无关。
在讲座之后的讨论环节，与会嘉宾就罗曼·西格纳与其他瑞士艺术家的联系，罗曼·西格纳的个体作品和整体的关系等问题展开问答。上午时段的研讨之后，在王璜生馆长和策展人李振华的带领下，罗曼·西格纳参观了正在我馆展出展览，包括他本人的个展。
胡晓岚/文
董慧萍、全晶/图
CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement
I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.
CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer
Article I
This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.
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Article V
During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.
Article VI
Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.
CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement
According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):
I. General Provisions
(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.
(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.
(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.
II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use
(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.
(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.
(3) Geographical Scope of Use
The applicable geographic scope is global.
The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).
III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use
Use in perpetuity.
IV. Licensing Fees
The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.
After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.
Additional Terms
(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.
(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.
(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.
Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.
I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.
CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement
I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.
CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer
Article I
This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.
Article II
Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.
Article III
Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.
Article IV
Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.
Article V
During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.
Article VI
Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.
CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement
According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):
I. General Provisions
(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.
(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.
(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.
II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use
(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.
(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.
(3) Geographical Scope of Use
The applicable geographic scope is global.
The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).
III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use
Use in perpetuity.
IV. Licensing Fees
The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.
After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.
Additional Terms
(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.
(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.
(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.
Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.
I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.
CAFA Art Museum Publication Authorization Agreement
I fully agree to CAFA Art Museum (CAFAM) submitting to CAFA for publication the images, pictures, texts, writings, and event products (such as works created during participation in workshops) related to me from my participation in public events (including museum member events) organized by the CAFA Art Museum Public Education Department. CAFA can publish these materials by electronic, web, or other digital means, and I hereby agree to be included in the China Knowledge Resource Bank, the CAFA Database, the CAFA Art Museum Database, and related data, documentation, and filing institutions and platforms. Regarding their use in CAFA and dissemination on the internet, I agree to make use of these rights according to the stated Rules.
CAFA Art Museum Event Safety Disclaimer
Article I
This event was organized on the principles of fairness, impartiality, and voluntary participation and withdrawal. Participants undertake all risk and liability for themselves. All events have risks, and participants must be aware of the risks related to their chosen event.
Article II
Event participants must abide by the laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China, as well as moral and ethical norms. All participants must demonstrate good character, respect for others, friendship, and a willingness to help others.
Article III
Event participants should be adults (people 18 years or older with full civil legal capacity). Underage persons must be accompanied by an adult.
Article IV
Event participants undertake all liability for their personal safety during the event, and event participants are encouraged to purchase personal safety insurance. Should an accident occur during an event, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for the accident, but both have the obligation to provide assistance. Event participants should actively organize and implement rescue efforts, but do not undertake any legal or economic liability for the accident itself. The museum does not undertake civil or joint liability for the personal safety of event participants.
Article V
During the event, event participants should respect the order of the museum event and ensure the safety of the museum site, the artworks in displays, exhibitions, and collections, and the derived products. If an event causes any degree of loss or damage to the museum site, space, artworks, or derived products due to an individual, persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for losses. The event participant must negotiate and provide compensation according to the relevant legal statutes and museum rules. The museum may sue for legal and financial liability.
Article VI
Event participants will participate in the event under the guidance of museum staff and event leaders or instructors and must correctly use the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities provided for the event. If a participant causes injury or harm to him/herself or others while using the painting tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, or causes the damage or destruction of the tools, materials, equipment, and/or facilities, the event participant must undertake all related liability and provide compensation for the financial losses. Persons not involved in the accident and the museum do not undertake any liability for personal accidents.
CAFA Art Museum Portraiture Rights Licensing Agreement
According to The Advertising Law of the People’s Republic of China, The General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and The Provisional Opinions of the Supreme People’s Court on Some Issues Related to the Full Implementation of the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People’s Republic of China, and upon friendly negotiation, Party A and Party B have arrived at the following agreement regarding the use of works bearing Party A’s image in order to clarify the rights and obligations of the portrait licenser (Party A) and the user (Party B):
I. General Provisions
(1) Party A is the portraiture rights holder in this agreement. Party A voluntarily licenses its portraiture rights to Party B for the purposes stipulated in this agreement and permitted by law.
(2) Party B (CAFA Art Museum) is a specialized, international modern art museum. CAFA Art Museum keeps pace with the times, and works to create an open, free, and academic space and atmosphere for positive interaction with groups, corporations, institutions, artists, and visitors. With CAFA’s academic research as a foundation, the museum plans multi-disciplinary exhibitions, conferences, and public education events with participants from around the world, providing a platform for exchange, learning, and exhibition for CAFA’s students and instructors, artists from around the world, and the general public. As a public institution, the primary purposes of CAFA Art Museum’s public education events are academic and beneficial to society.
(3) Party B will photograph all CAFA Public Education Department events for Party A.
II. Content, Forms of Use, and Geographical Scope of Use
(1) Content. The content of images taken by Party B bearing Party A’s likeness include: ① CAFA Art Museum ② CAFA campus ③ All events planned or executed by the CAFAM Public Education Department.
(2) Forms of Use. For use in CAFA’s publications, products with CDs, and promotional materials.
(3) Geographical Scope of Use
The applicable geographic scope is global.
The media in which the portraiture may be used encompasses any media that does not infringe upon Party A’s portraiture rights (e.g., magazines and the internet).
III. Term of Portraiture Rights Use
Use in perpetuity.
IV. Licensing Fees
The fees for images bearing Party A’s likeness will be undertaken by Party B.
After completion, Party B does not need to pay any fees to Party A for images bearing Party A’s likeness.
Additional Terms
(1) All matters not discussed in this agreement shall be resolved through friendly negotiation between both parties. Both parties may then sign a supplementary agreement, provided it does not violate any laws or regulations.
(2) This agreement comes into effect on the date that it is signed (sealed) and the relevant boxes are selected by Party A and Party B.
(3) This agreement exists in paper and electronic forms. The paper form is made in duplicate, with Party A and Party B each retaining one copy with the same legal efficacy.
Event participants implicitly accept and undertake all the obligations stated in this agreement. Those who do not consent will be seen as abandoning the right to participate in this event. Before participating in this event, please speak to your family members to obtain their consent and inform them of this disclaimer. After participants sign/check the required box, participants and their families will be seen as having read and agreed to these terms.
I have carefully read and agree to the above provisions.
